Network Architecture Selection Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Network Architecture Selection - Essay Example However, it must be noted that there is no one type of architecture that may be considered the correct choice. Such choice relies on the consideration of several factors as well as on weighing such factors. Network architecture selection, according to Palley, should take into consideration the following factors: Frequency of use of global data entails considering whether the use or sharing of data is localized. Basically, if data is to be shared by elements on a wider geographical area, much consideration must be given to the choice of architecture (i.e. ring/hierarchical). However, if the use of data is primarily localized, then such factor should not be much of an issue. Secondly, if global data is dynamic or heavily updated, considerations need to be made since the redundancy of data may lead to combinatorial update problems and data integrity problems. However, if data is static, redundancy of data would not be a problem; and "replicated" global data would be appropriate. Also, one needs to consider whether quick responses are needed when exchange of data occurs. In cases when response times are significant, the discussion of network efficiency becomes vital to the development and planning of the network. Undoubtedly, the size of the network should also be considered together with the o ther factors cited. Also, the budget given for the planning of the network is likewise vital since certain types of network architectures are more expensive than others. Lastly, one must anticipate future changes to the network as there are updates that need to be made every so often. The case of Blue Skies Inc. is to be discussed in this paper. Blue Skies Inc. is an organization that is currently considering expanding its services throughout the United States. Based in Des Moines, the company plans to open at least two reservation counters in every U.S. city with a population over 800,000, and create a Web site where customers can make reservations online. In such an environment, Blue Skies expects that they will handle 200,000 transactions on a daily basis. As such, the company requires the setting up of a network that can efficiently handle the aforementioned volume of transactions. Specifically, the appropriate choice of network architecture that will meet the needs of the organization must be determined. The choice of network architecture entails choosing either a terminal services or a mainframe based network. Before selecting the appropriate network architecture, the distinction between the two options must first be identified. Also, the known advantages of each of the two types of architectures must likewise be stated. According to Software Diversified Services (SDS), "Mainframes used to be defined by their size, and they can still fill a room, cost millions, and support thousands of users. But now a mainframe can also run on a laptop and support two users. So today's mainframes are best defined by their operating systems: Unix and Linux, and IBM's z/OS, OS/390, MVS, VM, and VSE." Also, John Campbell identifies three features that a mainframe based

Igor Stravinsky Essay Example for Free

Igor Stravinsky Essay Igor Stravinsky was among the most influential and versatile composers of the last century. His overwhelming commitment to music and remarkable musical career, â€Å"†¦which spanned the convulsive final years of the Imperial Russia and the social ferment of 1960s America, served to establish Stravinsky not only as the most celebrated composer of his time, but also as one of the defining forces of twentieth-century culture† (Wenborn, 1999, p. 10). Born in 1882 to the family of Fyodor Stravinsky, a famous Russian actor and opera singer, Stravinsky grew up in the atmosphere of conservatism and discipline. As his father was a member of Russian cultural elite and had close personal relationships with Turgenev, Mussorgsky, Rimsky-Korsakov and other talented artists of that epoch, the young Stravinsky and his siblings were surrounded with the music of the most progressive Russian composers, such as Borodin, Glinka, Mussorgsky and Dargomizhsky, since their early childhood. When he was 9, the young Stravinsky started his piano lessons followed by studying harmony, music theory and composition. However, his enthusiasm for developing a career in music was somewhat frustrated by the parents who insisted on Stravinsky’s becoming a lawyer. In 1901 he entered the University of St. Petersburg to study law. A year later, Stravinsky took an opportunity to present his compositions to Nikolay Rimsky-Korsakov, a leading Russian composer of those times, who lately became Stravinsky’s spiritual parent. Rimsky played an important role in musical development of Stravinsky, and till his death in 1908, he was influencing Stravinsky’s creative style. In 1907, inspired by the works of Rimsky, Stravinsky wrote First Symphony in E Flat Major which was dominated by nationalistic motifs. Along with other compositions (such as Fireworks and The Faun and the Shepherdess), the Symphony attracted the attention of Sergei Diaghilev, a Russian ballet impresario who worked for the Ballets Russes in France. On his request, Stravinsky created his first ballets: The Firebird (1910), Petroushka (1911) and The Rite of Spring (1913). The Russian period in the career evolution of Stravinsky can be characterized by a tendency to use ritual personages, motifs and harmonic formulas of Russian folklore, blended with a lot of dissonances and irregular rhythms. Those years were very important for the formation of musical aesthetics of Stravinsky, which can be defined by vivid imagination and various semantic elements, rhythmic freedom, abundance of variations and ostinati, etc. The next, neoclassic period started in the early 1920s, when Stravinsky moved to France. Together with his wife Ekaterina and their four children, Stravinsky settled down in Nice. He continued composing and traveling with the Ballets Russes, looking for new ideas and themes for his works. In this period, Stravinsky was under the influence of French impressionism of the eighteenth century. In his masterpieces, the composer used to refer to various stylistic models: he mastered the styles of the European baroque (Oedipus Rex, 1927), the techniques of old polyphony (the Symphony of Psalms, 1930), and so on. During the 1930s, Stravinsky’s success as a composer was boosted by his increasing popularity as a brilliant pianist and conductor of his own compositions. In 1934 he became a citizen of France, and a year later he had a series of great performances in the United States crowned by a remarkable concert in the Metropolitan Opera in New York, where Stravinsky conducted his newly created ballet The Card Party. The late 1930s were darkened for Stravinsky by the loss of his wife, mother and elder daughter who died of tuberculosis one after another. In 1939 he moved to the U. S. together with his mistress Vera de Bosset, a dancer at the Ballets Russes. Stravinsky’s compositions of the 1940s (including the Symphony in Three Movements (1945), the Ebony Concerto (1946) and other works) can be characterized by a great stylistic diversity. However, his ballet Orpheus completed in 1947 marked the composer’s return to neoclassical traditions. The opera The Rakes Progress (1951), created in collaboration with W. H. Auden and C. Kallman, is considered to be the apex of Stravinsky’s neoclassical period. The libretto was based on a series of engravings of William Hogarth. Musical context of the opera is based on classic harmonies and a wide palette of tone colors, enriched with surprising rhythmic changes and dissonances. The premiere of the opera took place at the famous La Venice in Italy, and in 1997 this opera was restaged by the Metropolitan Opera. In the early 1950s, being under the influence of such artists as A.  Schoenberg and R. Craft, Stravinsky embarked on using the techniques of Serialism in his compositions. During this final period of his career, the composer was experimenting with the twelve-tone methods (dodecaphony) developed by Schoenberg, as well as working on a great number of songs, cantatas and other small chamber works and pieces of vocal music. Many important compositions of this period are dominated by biblical motifs (Canticum Sacrum (1955), A Sermon, a Narrative, and a Prayer (1961), Abraham and Isaac (1963), etc. ) During the last decade of his life, Stravinsky continued performing and conducting his pieces in the most prestigious concert halls of the U. S. and Europe. He visited the Soviet Union and developed friendly relationships with Soviet leader Nikita Krushchev. Stravinsky was a devoted Orthodox Christian and a great father for his children. The composer died in 1971 and was buried on the cemetery of San Michele, next to the grave of his close friend, Sergei Diaghilev. For his achievements and musical innovations, in 1987 Stravinsky was granted the Grammy Award for Lifetime Achievement (posthumously). Despite great stylistic contrasts, all the works of Stravinsky retain a certain distinctive identity rooted in his Russian origin and the tendency to use his trademark musical elements (such as ostinati, off-rhythms, etc. ) in the majority of his compositions. Stravinsky was a person of an inexhaustible enthusiasm and eagerness to explore new musical horizons and styles. He was a composer of a phenomenal talent and matchless creative originality, who â€Å"†¦revitalized the rhythms of European music and achieved entirely new sonorities and blends of orchestral colors† (Columbia Encyclopedia, 2007, p. 46141)

Female Participation in the Sri Lanka Tourist Industry

Female Participation in the Sri Lanka Tourist Industry RESTRICTED CHAPTER SIX CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS INTRODUCTION 1.Sri Lanka has a growing tourism industry. After independence in 1948 Sri Lanka Continues to attract foreign investors and tourist to the island. The hospitality is one of the main parts of the tourism industry. It includes hospitality unit such as restaurant, hotels, parks there servers, house keepers, porters, kitchen workers,, management, marketing and human resources, person who is working in this field is very much important and working in direct contact with customer. Now tourism has become a popular global leisure activity. Presently tourism is a major income source for many countries. Sri Lanka is the 6 th largest foreign exchange earning country to the economy. 2.Present scenario in Sri Lanka is that female contribution approximately half of the population of Sri Lanka. Female play a vital role in the Sri Lanka economy and those economy sectors are the backbone of the important secretors of the economy such as plantation, garment, manufacture industry and migrant workers. As a whole unemployment rate is higher in females than males. According to work force with university degrees is concerned 48% of them were female in 2012. Those with the advance level qualification also same. 2.In Sri Lanka employment of female in tourism industry is very less. There are many reasons which have effected. to less participation in tourism industry. CONCLUTION 16.Tourism industry is one of the fastest growing industry in the economy in Sri Lanka. It has an aim reach its target of 2.5 million tourist arrival by 2016. Tourism industry has witnessed a rapid growth after 30 years civil war in north and east. Tourist arrival has doubled during the period and to expanding tourism industry. 17.To achieve the expected achievement the industry may face many challenges such as improved service standards, increasing room capacity including conditions of the room, more qualified trained staff, the number of trained hospitality staff. They are inadequate to meet the needs of a growing industry. Because of that there is an urgent requeipment to establish new training school, encourage current employs to obtain higher certification multi skill development. By doing so those would increase the skilled workers, there by improving the service standards in the industry. MAIN REASONS FOR LAW LEVEL OF LABOUR FORCE PARTICIPATION OF FEMALE 18.There are some significant reasons which affect to the less female participation in the tourism industry: a.Social and cultural situation in Sri Lanka. b.Limited range of skills that acquired by females and it has lead to law skilled occupations in tourism industry. c.Lack of knowle of handling of foreign language d.lack of professional knowledge which required for tourism industry. e.In the labor market there is inequitable gender division. This inequitable situation still represent in the labor market. f.In some occasion the demand for law cost female labor. g.Multiple or duel work of the female, family responsibility and reproductive role h.In Sri Lanka there is a tendency to law participations in decision making process. iIn tourism industry discrimination in the work environment may be one of the reason for less participation. j. No flexible hours has allocated for female. 18.On going mega project in the hotel sector will expecte to raise to achieve the targeted tourist arrivals. The continuing collaboration between the state and private sector would be necessary for the sustainable development of the tourism industry. 19.Tourism industry provides formal and informal opportunities for females. It can significantly impact on poverty reduction in rural community. 19.Employment of female in the various sectors in the Sri Lanka it is more similar to male and female. When it come to the tourism industry there is a less female participation. It was fund that reasons of this situation are social and cultural situation in Sri Lanka, professional qualification , language problem. 20.Tourism presents borth opportunities and challengers for gender equality and women empowerment. How ever less attention has been paid to the unequal ways in which the benefits of tourism are distributed between men and female particularly in the developing world. In the present world it is indicating to assess the extent to which tourism is advancing the needs of women in the developing world. Now a day it has potential to be a vehicle for the empowerment of female in developing region. 21.In order to support the development of tourism industry it is clear that female can contribute more. There should have professional female to perform such a job in tourism industry effectively. 22.There are some challengers female are facing in tourism. Female are often law status law paid and precious job in tourism industry . Women manly tend to perform job such as cooking, clearing and hospitality . much tourist employment is seasonal and fluctuates. According to volatile nature of the industry. In some destinations the links have been found between tourism and the sex industry which could make women more vulnerable to sexual exploitation. 23.In the world we have many examples and experiences for female employment in tourism industry. Country like Malaysia, Singapore, Maldives, Turkey, those countries have more employment of female in the tourism field and those countries have more development on tourism industry. 22.Though present condition of the female employment in tourism industry is less, employment of the female can enhance a better development of the tourism industry. There are many vacancies for female to perform in this industry. Employment of more female in tourism industry can be develop the industry as well as development of economy. RECOMANDATION 1.Increasing of formal training. 2. It is clear that there is no that much of female has involved in management level for that it should have same programs to get involve female to tourism industry and aggressive recruitment of women at the management level. 3.There are some organizations which have influenced with same barrier and should make it as a flexible way and rules and regulation of union also should be very flexible. 4.There are many circumstances that women are not able to perform their job at any time for that Flexible hours and scheduling should be imposed for women. 5.Allowing more autonomy in the integration of work and home obligation. 6.Many tourism related occupation are not allowed pension because of that Pensions after retirement should be implemented. 7.Increase awareness of the important economic role that women play in the tourism industry. 8.Strengthen legal protection for women in tourism employment such protection include minimum wage regulations and equal pay laws. 9.Improve maternity leave requirement, flexile houses, work from options and arrangement for childcare. 10.Providing appropriate training and resources to support women’s enterprises. 11.Promote women’s participation in tourism education and training and improve the educational level of women already working in different areas of the industry through a targeted and strategic program of action. 12.Support women’s tourism leadership at all levels public sector private sector and community management by establishing leadership programs at the national level and in large and small scale tourism industries. 13Ensure that women’s contribution to the community development is properly recognized and work by monitoring tourism activities carried out in the house hold and in the community. 14.Call on the government, the international community civil society organizations and the private sector to project women’s rights in tourism and to monitor progress in the employment of women through tourism. POLICY IMPLEMENTATION 15.Researcher suggests to implement following for the government in order to develop tourism in Sri Lanka. a.Action should be taken to encourage female to employ in tourism industry to better contribution to industry. b.Introduce some effective courses to enhance professional knowledge of employees in various field in tourism industry. c. Government should implement law with refer to tourism industry specially for employees. d.Encourage small industry to create effective enterprise to create indirect job opportunity . 6- 1 RESTRICTED

Scarlet Letter Essay -- essays research papers

A common theme throughout literature is religion and how the author feels about his or her faith. Nathaniel Hawthorne uses rhetorical devices to draw comparisons between characters and events in The Scarlet Letter and Biblical figures and accounts. A few of the devices found in this novel that connect it to the Bible are symbolism, paradox, allusions, and characterization. It is important to first look at the characters and how they are described through characterization. The first rhetorical device is characterization. The way the main characters are described by Hawthorne sets up how they will be perceived. It is through this that we see the first inklings of biblical figures. Biblical characters are seen in Pearl, Hester, Dimmesdale, Chillingworth, and the Puritan people. The first is that Hester has many traits in common with the Virgin Mary. Both are originally shunned by society, but later accepted. Although Hester has sinned, within her the reader sees a character who is very loving and with the birth of Pearl, motherly. The fact that Pearl is the child of Hester, or the Virgin Mary as we have now identified her, it is only natural that we examine her as Jesus. The origins of Pearl and Jesus are similar in that both their mothers do not expect to have the child. But as they grow up, it becomes clear that the are not ordinary children. Both characters posses an innate ability to "read" people and who their emotions, as is seen in Pearl’s ability to visualize an â€Å"A† on Dimmesdale even though he does not wear a physical one. Jesus can also be seen in Dimmesdale during his last days of life. Dimmesdale’s death is caused by his sin and Jesus died for the sins of all people, both men dying without objection. Another Biblical character is seen in Chillingworth. Throughout the novel he is described as a man whose life is based on revenge and hatred. This â€Å"was a striking evidence of man’s faculty of transforming himself into the devil.† (155) The final part of characterization is in the similarities between the societies of the two times, Biblical and Puritan. Both the Jews/Romans and the Puritans accused and persecuted those who the saw as unholy, while in fact they were the least holy of all. Their pride in being religiously strict caused them to lash out at those who in hindsight are the holy ones. With this basic ... ...r being Biblical stories in disguise. The first is the connection between Hester and the Virgin Mary. The paradox is found in Hester’s representation of Mary. Hester was definitely not a virgin; however, her counterpart, Mary, and her life are most miraculous because she was a virgin. Another paradox is seen through the similarities of Pearl in Jesus. Pearl comes from sin, but goes on to live a beautiful life. Jesus on the other hand was born without sin, only to be condemned by and subsequently killed by the establishment. Another paradox is in that the Puritans prided themselves on being good Christians and condemned those who they found unholy. Ironically it is they who are the bad people and the people they have condemned whom are the best Christian, (barring Hester and that whole adultery thing.) Nathaniel Hawthorne’s use of rhetorical devices allows for a vivid connection to be drawn between his novel and the Bible. The use of symbolism, paradox, allusions, and characterization create a story that has in it the underlying of Bible stories. The use of the most widely read book as a pillar for his novel strengthens Hawthorne’s criticism and commentary on the Puritan society.

Palestine Dispute Essay -- essays research papers fc

  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  After the defeat of the Ottoman Empire in World War I, the control of Palestine shifted from Muslim to Western powers. Britain promised Jews and Zionists the land in Palestine in the form of the Balfour Declaration. However, at the same time, there were already Palestinians living in that land. Even today, there is no correct answer as to who should have rightfully acquired the land; however, the Palestinian Arabs should have cooperated when the Jews immigrated to the Palestine. There are plenty of facts which support both sides. The solution can only be determined through one’s opinion.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  According to Biblical sources, Arabs and Israelites first met in Palestine about 1500 to 500 B.C. This time period recognized the beginning of the tradition of the two peoples’ common patriarchs and the cousinly ties between the offspring of Isaac and the children of Ishmael, the sons of Abraham.(Cohen 1)   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Before Islam surfaced, the Jews and the Arabs met in the Arabian peninsula. There was actually a very large Jewish population in the Arabian peninsula before the Prophet Muhammed was known. After the Jews were kicked out of Jerusalem by the Romans following the Second Revolt, a large number of Jews went to the northern area of the Arabian peninsula. The settlements of Jews in the Valley of the Villages were important areas for the wandering and nomadic Arabic tribes. The Arabs actually settled near them under their protection, understanding their traditions, customs, and views of religious and social matters. Before Muhammed, some Arabs even accepted the Jewish doctrine of the â€Å"chosen people† and other basic elements of Judaism. (Cohen 2)   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  However after some time, things started to change. The prophet Muhammed began presenting Islam as a new religion. He even tried converting some Jews into Islam. But when his hopes of winning them over failed, he turned against the Jews. In 626, he attacked the Jewish tribes of Medina and completely destroyed them. This marked the beginning of conflict between the Jews and the Arabs. (Cohen 3) The relationship between the Jews and the Arabs always remained tense. The connection between the two peoples is tense even today. Even with the same enmity, there has been a great deal of change from the beginning of time. An impor... ...o solution to the Arab-Israeli problem. The wars are merely eruptions in the historical encounter that is nothing less than a prolonged war which is doomed to continue until it is resolved in a catastrophic holocaust.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  However, others actually have a standpoint. Some believe that the Jews really deserved the land in Palestine because it was theirs to begin with. They were forced out of Jerusalem by the Romans. On the other hand, others say that the land is rightfully the Arab’s land. There were Palestinian Arabs who were living there before the Jews were rewarded the land by the British. Why should they give up their land? There is no solution. However, the two peoples could have lived peacefully. The two groups could have lived together if the Arabs had cooperated. If the Arabs already living in the land had not initiated the attacks on the Jews, the two peoples could have eventually learned to live together in one nation. Works Cited Barker, A. J. Arab-Israeli Wars. New York: Hippocrene Books, 1980. Cohen, Aharon. Israel and the Arab World. New York: Funk & Wagnalls, 1970. Levin, Meyer. The Story of Israel. New York: G.P. Putnam's Sons, 1966.

Blaine Kitchenware Assignment

Blaine Kitchenware, Inc. : Optimal Capital Structure For this case study you will take on the role of the investment banker introduced at the beginning of the case study. A week following your first meeting with Mr. Dubinski, he has called to request your assistance with the analysis of a stock repurchase. He has operational experience, but little financial management experience (he does not have any debt on his balance sheet! ). As a result, he needs your help convincing his board of directors that the stock repurchase is a good idea. The board is more financially conservative than Mr.Dubinski. Mr. Dubinski wants you to evaluate a scenario where Blaine Kitchenware, Inc. (BKI) will repurchase 14 million shares at $18. 50 per share. To do so, BKI will borrow $50 million at an interest rate of 6. 75% (this is your stake in the deal because your bank will make the loan). Consider the following questions that are likely to be raised regarding the analysis: What effect does the proposal h ave on the balance sheet? How is operating performance impacted? How are earnings per share and ROE impacted? How is leverage affected? How is interest coverage affected?What is the expected cost of financial distress? How is the cost of capital impacted? What happens to the family control of the business? For this assignment you should write a memo to the board of directors. None  of these directors are  well versed  in finance and all are skeptical of using debt. Space dedicated to explaining leverage concepts in layperson terms and the calculations involved will prove to be very relevant and well received. Board members are also looking for advanced analysis with evidence of critical thinking, particularly as it regards optimal capital structure.They always appreciate well written memos that make appropriate use of correct grammar and spelling. They are also very busy running their own corporations, so memos written in a concise manner are better received. However, as state d in  Keys to Successful Case Studies: Write-up Tips, â€Å"if you have just one page of analysis, I will not read it. You will earn a zero. †Ã‚  While your memo should be concise, it should also contain a detailed appendix of your calculations. The course website will only allow you to submit one document. Thus, you will need to â€Å"insert† your Excel tables as objects† in your word document before uploading your write-up to the course website. I must receive both a hardcopy and electronic version submitted through the course website by 2:00pm on the due date. Otherwise, the write-up is considered late and will not be graded. Extra Credit Opportunity:  I will grade the assignments. Then I will go back through the assignments and award an additional 5 points (essentially half a letter grade) to any memo that properly references  at least two relevant  Harvard Business Review  articles and/or Wall Street Journal articles. See the attachment for the gra ding  rubric.

The Benefits of an Aging Population Outweigh the Disadvantages

Ageing population is one of the most discussed matters. It is because fertility rate is steadily decreasing and life expectancy is increasing. Some believe that it is a huge problem whereas others stand on opposite view. In this writing I will explain why there are more benefits than cautions of the elder generation to the society. As human beings age, they become more dependent on the care of others. Traditionally, this care was provided by the family, but nowadays, the need for care presents a burden which many families cannot cope with.Moreover, elderly people need medical care, day centres, transport and leisure. All these points cause many economic consequences. The major problem is funding welfare systems, such as pensions and healthcare. That means that governments need to spend more. Consequently that could raise income taxes. Of course, elder citizens do need more heath care, but many others are fit, competent and self-sustaining. For instance, across Europe, typically only one retired person in 20 lives in a care home.In the UK, of 10m over 65s, just 3 percent live in care homes. In addition for that, those who survived drugs binges, fast cars, or bad marriages, are older, they are still rocking and making more use of condoms that their younger generation. For example, Mick Jagger and Tina Turner. Even they are in their 70s nobody has idea of a dependant. Furthermore, non-celebrities also remain active, assertive and independent.They fill library and seminar halls once crammed with callow youths. They run picket lines or marathons. Millions of the middle-class retired continue working and they are often more valuable than young workers. Some worry that older workforce will be less innovative and adaptable, but there is evidence that companies with a decent proportion of older workers are more productive than those addicted to youth. Finally, elder generation less hooked on the latest ‘gizmos’.They may even reduce pressure on the worldâ₠¬â„¢s recourses by consuming less, and by conserving environment. In conclusion, it is true that as getting older, mankind need more care and attention, both from the family and the government. However in the modern life, as medicine and technology developed, they are healthier and independent. From my prospective, in future old people will be expected to stay in the formal economy longer.